If you are gonna handload then the 338-06 will be by far cheaper than the 338 federal. Simply because you can find cheap or free 06 brass anywhere.
The 338-06 is a really good wildcat cartridge. 338win mag performance while burning less powder. It’s on my list of future builds for sure. It also can be run in shorter length barrels without effecting velocity as much as a shorter length win mag.
I always thought a 338-06 barrel would be nice on a Kimber Montana 84L,
Well,I had to go check it out to make sure but I don't know why there would e more 30/06 brass to neck up than 308 brass,to make 338 Federal. Yes,the 06 would give more velocity but I just don't need one for a long range gun. I would be shooting something in 7mm or 30 cal at distance. Not that the 338/06 wouldn't be great,I just don't see an argument for needing the extra range in that caliber. I would personally prefer a lighter gun with less recoil that still hits hard at any range I will likely ever shoot.